Renteria v. Cuevas

Opinion

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 RONALD DAVE RENTERIA, Case No.: 3:21-cv-01507-JLS-MSB CDCR #P-26757, 12 ORDER DENYING MOTION TO Plaintiff, 13 PROCEED IN FORMA PAUPERIS v. 14 CUEVAS, 3d Watch Correctional Officer; 15 BYRNES, 3d Watch Correctional Officer;

16 KAKO, 3d Watch Correctional Officer;

MEEKS, 2d Watch Correctional Officer; 17 M. GARCIA, 2d Watch Correctional 18 Officer; RICO, Correctional Sergeant;

T. MARTINEZ, Correctional Lieutenant; 19 and MARCUS POLLARD, Warden, 20 Defendants. [ECF No. 2] 21 22 Plaintiff Ronald Dave Renteria, currently incarcerated at Richard J. Donovan 23 Correctional Facility (“RJD”) in San Diego, California, is proceeding pro se in this case 24 pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. In Count 1 of his Complaint, Plaintiff claims that various 25 RJD officials violated his Eighth Amendment rights by failing to employ protective and 26 social distancing measures sufficient to protect him from a COVID-19 outbreak within 27 RJD’s “C” Facility in December 2020. (See ECF No. 1 at 3‒7.) In Count 2, Plaintiff 28 alleges that Defendants Garcia, Rico, and Martinez fabricated escape charges against him 1 in February 2021 in order to retaliate against him for filing an administrative grievance 2 related to the COVID-19 outbreak. (Id. at 8‒11.) He seeks declaratory and injunctive 3 relief, including placement in a residential facility, single cell status, or early release on 4 parole, as well $250,000 in compensatory and punitive damages against each Defendant. 5 (Id. at 12.) 6 Plaintiff has not prepaid the $402 civil filing fee 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a) required to 7 commence a civil action; instead he seeks leave to proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP”) 8 pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a). (ECF No. 2.) 9 I. Motion to Proceed IFP 10 All parties instituting any civil action, suit or proceeding in a district court of the 11 United States, except an application for writ of habeas corpus, must pay a filing fee of 12 $402.1 See 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a). Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a), however, the Court may 13 authorize commencement of a civil case without payment of the filing fee. Whether an 14 affiant has satisfied § 1915(a) falls within “the reviewing court[’s] . . . sound discretion.” 15 Cal. Men’s Colony v. Rowland, 939 F.2d 854, 858 (9th Cir. 1991), rev’d on other grounds, 16 506 U.S. 194 (1993). A party need not “be absolutely destitute” to proceed IFP. Adkins v. 17 E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., 335 U.S. 331, 339 (1948). “Nonetheless, a plaintiff 18 seeking IFP status must allege poverty ‘with some particularity, definiteness, and 19 certainty.’” Escobedo v. Applebees, 787 F.3d 1226, 1234 (9th Cir. 2015) (citing United 20 States v. McQuade, 647 F.3d 938, 940 (9th Cir. 1981)). 21 “An affidavit in support of an IFP application is sufficient where it alleges that the 22 affiant cannot pay the court costs and still afford the necessities of life.” Id. And although 23 24 25 1 In addition to the $350 statutory fee, civil litigants must pay an administrative fee of 26 $52. District Court Miscellaneous Fee Schedule, ¶ 14 (Dec. 1, 2020), https://www.uscourts.gov/services-forms/fees/district-court-miscellaneous-fee-schedule. 27 The additional $52 administrative fee does not apply to persons granted leave to proceed 28 IFP. Id. 1 “a prisoner’s financial needs are not the same as those of a non-prisoner,” and one “without 2 funds [may] not be denied access to a federal court based on his poverty,” Taylor v. 3 Delatoore, 281 F.3d 844, 849 (9th Cir. 2002) (citing 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(4)), “even- 4 handed care must be employed to assure that federal funds are not squandered to 5 underwrite, at public expense, either frivolous claims or the remonstrances of a suitor who 6 is financially able, in whole or in part, to pull his own oar,” Temple v. Ellerthorpe, 586 F. 7 Supp. 848, 850 (D.R.I. 1984); see also Frost v. Child & Family Sers. of San Bernardino 8 Cnty. & San Bernardino Juv. Ct., No. 3:20-CV-2402-JLS-BLM, 2021 WL 1195834, at *1 9 (S.D. Cal. Mar. 30, 2021). 10 Before the enactment of the Prison Litigation Reform Act (“PLRA”) in 1996, 11 “indigent prisoners, like other indigent persons, could file a civil action without paying any 12 filing fee.” Bruce v. Samuels, 577 U.S. 82, 83–84 (2016) (citing 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(1)). 13 The PLRA however, “placed several limitations on prisoner litigation in federal courts.” 14 Id. at 84. Although a civil action or appeal may proceed upon submission of an affidavit 15 that demonstrates a prisoner’s inability “to pay such fees or give security therefor,” 28 16 U.S.C. § 1915(a), a prisoner granted leave to proceed IFP remains obligated to pay an 17 initial partial filing fee and the remaining portion of the entire fee in “increments” or 18 “installments,” Bruce, 577 U.S. at 84, 85; Williams v. Paramo, 775 F.3d 1182, 1185 (9th 19 Cir. 2015); see 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b). Thus, § 1915(a)(2) requires prisoners to submit a 20 “certified copy of the[ir] trust fund account statement (or institutional equivalent) for . . . 21 the [six]-month period immediately preceding the filing of the complaint.” 28 U.S.C. 22 § 1915(a)(2); see also Andrews v. King, 398 F.3d 1113, 1119 (9th Cir. 2005) (“[P]risoners 23 must demonstrate that they are not able to pay the filing fee with an affidavit and 24 submission of their prison trust account records.”). From the certified trust account 25 statement, “the district court must make a series of factual findings regarding the prisoner’s 26 assets.” Taylor, 281 F.3d at 847 n.2. 27 In support of his IFP Motion, Plaintiff has submitted a prison certificate authorized 28 by an RJD accounting specialist, as well as a copy of his CDCR Inmate Statement Report 1 for the six-month period prior to the filing of his Complaint. (ECF No. 3 at 1‒3.) But these 2 documents do not demonstrate that Plaintiff is “unable to pay” the $402 civil filing fee. 3 Instead, Plaintiff’s submissions show he has had $282.80 in average monthly deposits, 4 carried an average monthly balance of $2,424.16 over the last six months, and had an 5 available balance of $2,038.56 to his credit at the time of filing (ECF No. 3 at 1). 6 Cf. Roberts v. Hensley, No. 3:15-CV-1871-LAB (BLM), 2019 WL 2618124, at *2 (S.D. 7 Cal. June 25, 2019) (finding that the prisoner plaintiff was “clearly indigent” where “[h]e 8 ha[d] no funds in any of his accounts and thus would be unable to pay any costs assessed 9 to him”). Thus, because the initial partial filing fee assessed by 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1)(B) 10 exceeds the total $402 civil filing fee required, the Court finds that Plaintiff is able to pay 11 the full civil filing fee. Accordingly, Plaintiff is not entitled to proceed IFP in this case. 12 II. Conclusion and Order 13 Accordingly, the Court DENIES Plaintiff’s Motion to Proceed IFP (ECF No. 2) and 14 DISMISSES this civil action without prejudice based on Plaintiff’s failure to pay the filing 15 fee required by 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a). 16 Plaintiff may re-open this case by paying the full $402 filing fee on or before 17 November 15, 2021.2 If he chooses this course, Plaintiff must ensure his check is 18 submitted and made payable to the Clerk of the Court, U.S. District Court, Southern 19 20 2 Should he elect to re-open this case by paying the full $402 civil filing fee, Plaintiff 21 is cautioned that his Complaint will be subject to initial screening as mandated by 28 U.S.C. 22 § 1915A. Also enacted as part of the PLRA, § 1915A requires the Court to “review . . . as soon as practicable after docketing, a complaint in a civil action in which a prisoner seeks 23 redress from a governmental officer or employee of a governmental entity.” 28 U.S.C. 24 § 1915A(a). “The court shall identify cognizable claims or dismiss the complaint, or any portion of the complaint, if the complaint—(1) is frivolous, malicious, or fails to state a 25 claim upon which relief may be granted; or (2) seeks monetary relief from a defendant who 26 is immune from such relief.” 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(b)(1)–(2). “The purpose of § 1915A is ‘to ensure that the targets of frivolous or malicious suits need not bear the expense of 27 responding.’” Nordstrom v. Ryan, 762 F.3d 903, 920 n.1 (9th Cir. 2014) (quoting Wheeler 28 v. Wexford Health Sources, Inc., 689 F.3d 680, 681 (7th Cir. 2012)). 1 || District of California, and include reference to Civil Case No. 3:21-cv-01507-JLS-MSB. 2 If Plaintiff does not pay the full $402 filing fee in one lump sum on or before 3 || November 15, 2021, this case will remain dismissed without prejudice based on his failure 4 ||to comply with 28 U.S.C. § 1914(a) and without any further Order of the Court. 5 IT IS SO ORDERED. 6 ||Dated: September 17, 2021 tt 7 jen Janis L. Sammartino g United States District Judge 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 5 oe