Opinion

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 JORGE ACUNA, Case No.: 26-CV-798 TWR (MMP)

12 Plaintiff, ORDER (1) DISCHARGING 13 v. JULY 13, 2026 ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE, (2) EXTENDING SERVICE 14 COUNTY OF SAN DIEGO, SAN DEADLINE, AND (3) GRANTING DIEGO COUNTY SHERIFF’S 15 MOTION TO PROCEED IN FORMA DEPARTMENT, DEPUTY OCHOA, PAUPERIS FOR PURPOSES OF U.S. 16 DEPUTY SOLANO, DEPUTY KENA, MARSHAL SERVICE PURSUANT and DOES 1–25, 17 TO 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d) AND Defendants. FED. R. CIC. P. 4(c)(3) 18 19 (ECF Nos. 10, 11)

20 21 On May 20, 2026, the Court denied Plaintiff Jorge Acuna’s initial motion to proceed 22 in forma pauperis (“IFP”), which had been filed on February 9, 2026, on the grounds that 23 he had failed to demonstrate at that time that he could not pay the $405 filing fee and afford 24 the necessities of life. (See ECF No. 6 at 2–3.) Plaintiff then paid the filing fee on June 22, 25 2026. (See ECF No. 7.) On July 13, 2026, the Court ordered Plaintiff Jorge Acuna to show 26 cause why this action should not be dismissed for failure timely to effect service pursuant 27 to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4(m) and Civil Local Rule 4.1(b). (See generally ECF 28 No. 9 (“OSC”).) In response to the Court’s July 13, 2026 Order to Show Cause, Plaintiff 1 filed the instant Response to Order to Show Cause and Motion for Extension of Time to 2 Effect Service (“Mot. to Extend,” ECF No. 10) and a second Application to Proceed in 3 District Court Without Prepaying Fees or Costs (Long Form) (“IFP Mot.,” ECF No. 11), 4 which the Court addresses in turn. 5 In his Motion to Extend, Plaintiff explains that he “has continued attempting to 6 preserve and prosecute this action under extremely difficult financial and personal 7 circumstances,” (Mot. to Extend at 1), which have prevented him from timely serving 8 Defendants. (See id. at 3.) Good cause appearing, the Court DISCHARGES its July 13, 9 2026 Order to Show Cause, (ECF No. 9), GRANTS Plaintiff’s Motion to Extend (ECF 10 No. 10), and EXTENDS Plaintiff’s deadline to effect service of process as detailed below. 11 With respect to Plaintiff’s IFP Motion, because Plaintiff has already paid the civil 12 filing required to commence this action, (see ECF No. 7), but has yet to serve any 13 Defendant, the Court construes Plaintiff’s IFP Motion as one seeking IFP status for 14 purposes of U.S. Marshal service only. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d) (“The officers of the court 15 shall issue and serve all process, and perform all duties in [IFP] cases.”); Fed. R. Civ. P. 16 4(c)(3) (“At the plaintiff’s request, the court may order that service be made by a United 17 States Marshal or deputy marshal or by a person specially appointed by the court. The 18 court must so order if a plaintiff is authorized to proceed in forma pauperis under 28 U.S.C. 19 § 1915.”). Although Plaintiff paid the initial $405 civil and administrative filing fee after 20 the Court denied his prior motion to proceed IFP, he may still be eligible to proceed IFP. 21 While a request to proceed IFP is almost always filed at the onset of the case, it need not 22 necessarily be filed at any particular time, and may be initiated at any stage of a proceeding, 23 since a person who is not indigent when he first files a suit may become so during or prior 24 to its prosecution. See Stehouwer v. Hennessey, 841 F. Supp. 316, 321 (N.D. Cal. 1994) 25 (“IFP status may be acquired or lost throughout the course of the litigation”), aff’d in 26 pertinent part sub. nom. Olivares v. Marshall, 59 F.3d 109 (9th Cir. 1995). 27 The Court finds that Plaintiff’s renewed IFP Motion—which now demonstrates that 28 his monthly expenses of $3,195 exceed his monthly income of approximately $1,000, (see 1 id. at 1–2, 4–5)—is sufficient to demonstrate that, since the commencement of this action, 2 he has become financially unable to execute service upon the Defendants on his own behalf 3 and timely to pursue the prosecution of this case. The Court therefore GRANTS Plaintiff’s 4 IFP Motion (ECF No. 11) pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d) and Rule 4(c)(3) for purposes 5 of U.S. Marshal service only and ORDERS as follows: 6 1. The Clerk SHALL RE-ISSUE a summons as to Plaintiff’s First Amended 7 Complaint for Civil Rights Violations (42 U.S.C. § 1983) (“FAC,” ECF No. 5) upon 8 Defendants County of San Diego, San Diego County Sheriff’s Department, Deputy Ochoa, 9 Deputy Solano, and Deputy Kena and SHALL FORWARD it to Plaintiff along with a 10 blank U.S. Marshal Form 285 for each of these Defendants. In addition, the Clerk SHALL 11 PROVIDE Plaintiff with a certified copy of this Order, a certified copy of his First 12 Amended Complaint, and the re-issued summons so that he may serve them upon these 13 five named Defendants. 14 2. Upon receipt of this “IFP Package,” Plaintiff SHALL COMPLETE the Form 15 285s as completely and accurately as possible; SHALL INCLUDE an address where each 16 Defendant may be served, see S.D. Cal. CivLR 4.1.c; and SHALL RETURN them to the 17 United States Marshal according to the instructions the Clerk provides in the letter 18 accompanying his IFP package, no later than forty-five (45) days after the date of this 19 Order. Should Plaintiff fail timely to return the Form 285s to the U.S. Marshal, the Court 20 may dismiss this action without prejudice for failure timely to effect service of process. 21 3. The U.S. Marshal or deputy marshal SHALL SERVE a copy of the First 22 Amended Complaint and summons upon Defendants County of San Diego, San Diego 23 County Sheriff’s Department, Deputy Ochoa, Deputy Solano, and Deputy Kena as directed 24 by Plaintiff on the USM Form 285s provided to him within fifteen (15) days of receiving 25 them from Plaintiff. As soon as practicable thereafter, the U.S. Marshal or deputy marshal 26 SHALL FILE proof of that service, or proof of his or her inability to execute service, with 27 the Clerk of the Court. All costs of that service will be advanced by the United States. See 28 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d); Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(c)(3). 1 4. Defendants County of San Diego, San Diego County Sheriff's Department, 2 Deputy Ochoa, Deputy Solano, and Deputy Kena, once served, SHALL RESPOND to 3 || Plaintiff's First Amended Complaint within the time provided by the applicable provisions 4 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(a). 5 5. After service has been effected by the U.S. Marshal, Plaintiff SHALL 6 || SERVE upon Defendants County of San Diego, San Diego County Sheriff's Department, 7 || Deputy Ochoa, Deputy Solano, and Deputy Kena, or, if appearance has been entered by 8 ||counsel, upon Defendants’ counsel, a copy of every further pleading, motion, or other 9 ||document submitted for the Court’s consideration pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil 10 || Procedure 5(b). Plaintiff MUST INCLUDE with every original document he seeks to file 11 || with the Clerk of the Court a certificate stating the manner in which a true and correct copy 12 ||of that document has been served on Defendants or their counsel and the date of that 13 ||service. See S.D. Cal. CivLR 5.2. Any document received by the Court that has not been 14 || properly filed with the Clerk or that fails to include a Certificate of Service upon the 15 || Defendants may be disregarded. 16 IT IS SO ORDERED. 17 Dated: August 3, 2026 —— 19 Honorable Todd W. Robinson United States District Judge 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28